From History: ~1.25 Billion years ago (+/- 200 million)
Subject: Virus Evolution.
Stitch themselves permanently into the host’s genome
About 1.25 billion years ago, Retroviruses emerged by transforming “jumping genes” into infectious agents, mastering the ability to rewrite a host’s permanent genetic code.
By 1.25 billion years ago, complex eukaryotes diversified, Retroviruses evolved by equipping mobile genetic elements (retrotransposons) with “stolen” structural proteins. Using the enzyme reverse transcriptase, they flip the flow of information from RNA back into DNA, allowing them to stitch themselves permanently into the host’s genome and hide for generations.
was first published on TST 1 week ago.
Now for our second story.
From History: ~2.75 Billion years ago (+/- 200 million)
Subject: Virus Evolution.
double jelly-roll capsid DNA viruses
About 2.75 billion years ago, the Varidnaviria evolved a unique “Double Jelly-Roll” protein fold to build massive, diverse shells, allowing viruses to scale up from tiny parasites to “giant” viruses that mimic cells.
By 2.75 billion years ago, emerging somewhat nearer to the era of LUCA, Varidnaviria specialized in the Double Jelly-Roll (DJR) capsid structure. This versatile “folding” technique allowed them to construct shells ranging from simple icosahedrons to the massive envelopes of Giant Viruses. They are the primary architects of the viral world, infecting everything from bacteria to humans.
was first published on TST 1 week ago.