Estimates of ancient human populations of a few hundred are misleading. They lean too heavily on surviving DNA lines. DNA traces direct surviving lines, not the full populations and branches that once existed.
In 1610, Galileo set incorrect maps of the cosmos on the right path. Our mental model of Earth at the center of the universe had to evolve to match observations.
Quantum entanglement is when two particles share a connection so deep that measuring one is tied to the outcome of the other, even across great distances.