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Panamacebus transitus: Earliest Known Monkey in the Americas

Discovered in 2016 in the Panama Canal area, Panamacebus transitus has been identified as the earliest known monkey to have reached the Americas, dating back approximately 21 million years. This find significantly alters our understanding of primate migration and geographical distribution during the Miocene epoch. This arrival in the Americas is a remarkable testament to […]

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Touchstone: Senses & Perceptions

By Mike Prestwood

How we perceive an external world starts to become clear. A 30 Philosophers touchstone: Chapter 17, “Alhazen and the Senses.” Since Alhazen and his pioneering work around 1020 CE, we have made significant advancements in understanding our senses and perceptions. Prior to Alhazen, most people on Earth believed in magical light-emitting-flashlight eyes.

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Realistic Earth Planet against the the star sky

Spherical Earth

By Mike Prestwood

The Greeks knew the Earth is spherical. For example, Pythagoras (570-495 BCE), Aristotle (384-322 BCE), and Euclid (circa 450 BCE) wrote about the Earth as a sphere. Eratosthenes (276-194 BCE) even calculated the circumference of the Earth to within 1%. He also wrote about the idea that India could be reached by sailing westward from

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Man Made Glass

By Mike Prestwood

The earliest known man made glass dates back to circa 3500 BCE and to Egypt and Eastern Mesopotamia. Discovery of glassblowing around 1st century BC was a major breakthrough in glass making.

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Various bacteria cells in microscope. Streptococcus pneumonia, p

Microscope Invented = Microworld Discovered!

By Mike Prestwood

With the invention of the microscope, humanity became aware of the microworld which is defined as 1 to 1000 microns. A micron is equal to one thousands of a millimeter. A cell is about 10 microns wide. Paper is about 100 microns thick. The unaided human eye can see items as small as 50 microns,

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Iodine 131(I-131)Radioactive isotopes used for hyperthyroidism treatment are stored in Lead boxes

Radiometric Dating

By PrestwoodIT

5 Generations Ago In 1905, radiometric dating was discovered. It is a method used to date rocks and other objects based on the known decay rate of radioactive isotopes. This technique is used to date rocks. Paleontologists regularly order discoveries in chronological order and estimate their age. Knowing the age of rocks allows paleontologists to assign known

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Radiocarbon Dating

By PrestwoodIT

In 1946, Willard Libby created the method for dating organic materials by measuring their content of carbon-14, a newly discovered radioactive isotope of carbon. This dating technique provides objective age estimates within a few decades for carbon-based objects that originated from living organisms.

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Panamacebus transitus: Earliest Known Monkey in the Americas

Touchstone: Senses & Perceptions

Spherical Earth

Man Made Glass

Microscope Invented = Microworld Discovered!

Radiometric Dating

Radiocarbon Dating

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