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What does neuroscience say about “identity?”

By Michael Alan Prestwood

Author and Natural Philosopher

01 Jan 2026
Published 3 hours ago.
Updated 11 hours ago.

What does neuroscience say about “identity?”

Neuroscience tells us that you are not a static self frozen in time. Your cells renew, neural connections rewire, and memories subtly shift every time they’re recalled. Yet you still feel like you. In Buddhist terms, you feel like you have a “self.” But science tends to support Buddhism’s point—the idea of non-self.

That continuity doesn’t come from an unchanging core. It comes from patterns. Your brain maintains identity through memory, habits, emotional responses, and the narrative you tell about your life. Identity is less a thing you have and more a process your brain runs.

Seen this way, who you are today is a living pattern—a pattern shaped by repetition, reinforced by routine, and quietly revised by every choice you make.

Here’s an important truth: your memories evolve. When you recall a memory, you shape it, then rewrite it back. This matters. It’s how your worldview can change as you live your life. And this ability is physical—a transformation, not just a shift in thought. At its core, this is neuroplasticity: the brain’s constant restructuring of neural pathways and the fine-tuning of synaptic strength through experience.

Who you are—your personality, your memories, your biases—is physically encoded in which neurons connect with which others, and in the strength of those connections. When you learn something that shifts your perspective, you are literally pruning old versions of yourself and forging a new physical architecture. To change your mind is, quite literally, to change your brain.

The end.

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