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By Natural Philosopher Michael Alan Prestwood
By Natural Philosopher Michael Alan Prestwood
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Science    Philosophy  •  Critical Thinking  •  History    Politics  •  RW  •  AI  •  Physics  •  Evolution  •  Astronomy

WWB Season 6: Cognition and Ideas

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S6: Cognition and Ideas

36 Hot Topics/9 Quotes:

In Season 6, we dive into the fascinating intricacies of human cognition and ideas. Explore how our minds operate, the subtle ways biases and cognitive shortcuts shape our thoughts, and why we perceive and interpret reality the way we do. You’ll gain powerful insights into the quirks of human psychology and the importance of sharpening critical thinking skills to navigate an increasingly complex world.

Then, journey deeper into profound philosophical and historical insights, from the enduring mysteries posed by the Fermi Paradox and consciousness, to the transformative wisdom offered by foundational thinkers like Nietzsche and Socrates. Each one-minute lesson is crafted to enhance your understanding, inspire reflection, and reveal how past and present ideas shape our view of reality.

Season 6: Jan 1 - Feb 26 2024

9 Episodes

Hot Topics

History

Critical Thinking

Science

Philosophy

The red-green algae LCA from 1.5 bya led to modern plants starting about 475 mya.

Did red algae descend from green algae?

Plant Evolution < Science
The Congo River split chimpanzees and bonobos about 1.5 mya.

Are bonobos and chimpanzees separate species?

Evolution < Science
Nihilism is a tool to examine and potentially overcome the problem of illusion in reality.

What is Ninio’s Extinction Illusion?

Philosophy of Mind < Metaphysics < Philosophy
Dichotomy of Pleasure: Epicurus advises prioritizing long-term katastematic pleasures over short-term kinetic ones for a more fulfilling life.

Which tradition puts friendship above all else?

Ethics < Philosophy
prisoner4

Is the prisoner choosing bread over a key to freedom a critical thinking error?

Cognitive Biases < Four Mind Traps < TST Framework < Critical Thinking
Earth’s faint signals barely reach our galactic neighborhood, while the universe stretches infinitely beyond. The Fermi Paradox isn’t about alien silence—it’s a humbling reminder of the vastness of space and our early steps in the cosmic conversation.

Is the Fermi Paradox still relevant?

Aliens < Cosmology < Science
Two sides of human bias: On the left, confirmation bias narrows our focus to evidence that fits our narrative. On the right, anthropomorphism projects our human traits onto the non-human, distorting our understanding of the universe.

Is science tainted by bias?

Biases < Science
Play on Earth evolved as one of the group survival traits. Lower play abilities evolved in mammals like rodents about 190 million years ago. Higer play abilities evolved in mammals like cats about 80 million years ago.

Do aliens enjoy playing like we do on Earth?

Metaphysics < Philosophy
Socrates, born in 469 BCE, is the first Socratic philosopher. His student Plato was born circa 428 BCE, and Plato's student Aristotle was born in 384 BCE.

Who were the first Socratic philosophers?

Ancient History < History
Our search for alien life isn’t just a journey through space—it’s a challenge to overcome cognitive biases like anthropocentrism and confirmation bias. Critical thinking helps us see beyond our own assumptions and embrace the true vastness of possibility.

CRITICAL THINKING: Does the Fermi paradox lack good thinking?

Cognitive Bias < Critical Thinking
Anadoluvius turkae is dated to approximately 8.7 million years ago, placing it firmly in the late Miocene epoch, a period when the Earth’s climate was shifting, leading to more open habitats.

Is the 8.7-million-year-old Anadoluvius a human ancestor?

Evolution < Science
Freedom or survival? The bread or the key? This isn’t just philosophy. It’s the choices we make every day.

Why did the prisoner choose the bread over the key?

Ethics < Philosophy
In ancient Greece, as sophia and sophist became associated with rhetorical trickery, the terms philosophy and philosopher emerged to reclaim the pursuit of wisdom and truth.

Did Pythagoras coin the word philosophy?

Ancient History < History
glass of beer, sausages and bread on the table

When and where was beer invented?

Food < Sumerians < Prehistory < History
The race to Mars is ambitious, but it’s not a shortcut to saving humanity. Real innovation and the next steps beyond Earth clearly lie with a network of space stations—something NASA is quietly pursuing. If we can’t sustain life in isolated space stations, how can we hope to thrive on a barren, hostile planet?

Does Musk’s Mars vision highlight poor reasoning?

Mind Traps < Critical Thinking
Play evolved as one of the group survival traits. Lower play abilities evolved in mammals like rodents about 190 million years ago. Higer play abilities evolved in mammals like cats about 80 million years ago.

When did play evolve in mammals?

Evolution < Science
Science seeks to understand the universe, while philosophy contemplates its meaning. Whether a creator exists or not, our pursuit of knowledge continues—driven by curiosity, evidence, and the desire to uncover the truth.

Is the question of a creator important?

Metaphysics < Philosophy
Mining equipment in a brown coal open pit mine near Garzweiler, Germany. Aerial View

What does the Crinum coal mine teach us about dating methods?

Logical Fallacies < Critical Thinking
Biologically, wolves and dogs are the same species: Canis lupus. Dogs and wolves can interbreed and produce viable offspring under natural conditions. Dogs are considered a subspecies, a branch of wolf shaped by humanity.

Are dogs and wolves the same species?

Evolution < Science
The concept of being born a human and the evolving essence or identity to the final outcome for all: shadows of a memory.

What does existence before essence mean?

Metaphysics < Philosophy
Humes Fork-1-TouchstoneTruth

Who is famous for questioning cause and effect?

Post Medieval < History
In philosophy and critical thinking, we question whether cause and effect are certain—but in spiritual traditions like Hinduism and Buddhism, karma suggests a deeper, unseen connection. Do our actions truly shape our destiny, or are we just following patterns we assume to be true?

Is cause and effect certain?

Reasoning < Five Thought Tools < TST Framework < Critical Thinking
Pythagoras (c. 570–495 BCE), ancient Greek philosopher and mathematician, founder of Pythagoreanism, known for his contributions to mathematics, mysticism, and harmonic theory.

Was Pythagoras’ thinking flawed?

Reasoning < Five Thought Tools ... Critical Thinking
If science is right, the Earth will last another 5 billion years and the universe will expand for trillions of years.

Will the night sky have stars forever?

Cosmology < Science
Robot and man at home

When will AI be smarter than humans?

Futurism < Philosophy
A natural philosopher is a philosopher that puts science, logic, and common sense first.

What is a natural philosopher?

TST Philosophy < Philosophy
mansa-musa-TouchstoneTruth

Was the richest person in history an African just before colonial slavery?

Medieval < History
Abductive Reasoning-Heuristic-Occams Razor-TouchstoneTruth

Is Occam’s Razor always right?

Idea Evaluation < Five Thought Tools < TST Framework < Critical Thinking
Artist's Concept of Voyager

Why hasn’t Voyager been damaged by space dust?

Cosmology < Science
Robot and human hands pointing to each other.

Will AI systems attain consciousness?

Philosophy of Mind < Philosophy
Pythagoras (c. 570–495 BCE), ancient Greek philosopher and mathematician, founder of Pythagoreanism, known for his contributions to mathematics, mysticism, and harmonic theory.

Who is the father of numerology?

Ancient History < History
Cognitive Bias-Rosy Retrospection-TouchstoneTruth

Thinking: Why we only remember the good parts of vacations and forget the bad?

Cognitive Biases < Four Mind Traps < TST Framework < Critical Thinking
galileo-einstein-relativity-TouchstoneTruth

Trivia: Did Einstein or Galileo discover the Relativity Principle?

Physics < Cosmology < Science
Imagined Image: Early stages of terraforming Mars.

What is a realistic timeframe for humanity to terraform Mars?

Futurism < Philosophy

Quotes

“The art of living well and the art of dying well are one.”

“The art of living well and the art of dying well are one.”

Ethics < Philosophy
Roman marble copy of a 3rd-century BCE Greek original, likely created before 1st century CE.

“I was not; I was; I am not; I do not mind.”

Ethics < Philosophy
Imagined Image: Philo of Alexandria reinterpreting the story of Noah through allegorical interpretation. It captures the essence of his scholarly reinterpretation with symbolic elements.

Philo Quote, “…allegories…lay hold of the hidden sense which is concealed beneath the words”

Journalism < Philosophy
Stoicism focuses on the Dichotomy of Control within the "good intent-good results" framework. The good intent, such as a thoughtful actions, lead to virtue and moral. There are elements beyond one's control, like stormy weather, rolling dice, and a cosmic landscape. The central and only focus is on things that can control.

Is the serenity prayer stoic? “Grant me the serenity…”

Ethics < Philosophy
Marcus Aurelius reminds us that our inner life, shaped by thoughts, defines our character.

“For the soul is dyed the color of its thoughts.”

Stoicism < Philosophy
The dichotomy of ignorance and true knowledge is an important part of a happy life.

Thomas Gray: “Where ignorance is bliss, ’tis folly to be wise.”

Ethics < Philosophy
Socrates was born in 469 BCE and was executed in 399 BCE. He lived to age 72. His student Plato was born circa 428 BCE and passed at age 80 around 347 BCE. Both lived in Athens, Greece.

Socrates Quote: “I know that I am wise, because I know that I know nothing.”

Epistemology < Philosophy
Imagined Image: Marcus Aurelius reflecting on the idea that emotions are rooted in one's worldview and judgments, emphasizing the Stoic understanding of emotions and their connection to external and internal factors.

Epictetus: “People are disturbed not by the things that happen, but by their opinions about the things that happen.”

Ethics < Philosophy
Worldview Path-TouchstoneTruth

“I have a worldview. So do you.”

We all see the world through a personal lens shaped by experience. Once you recognize your worldview, you can finally examine it, refine it, and ...
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