The Mayan civilization lasted nearly 3 millennia. It began to take shape in the Yucatan region of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras around 2000 BCE, with evidence of early agricultural communities. However, prior to embracing farming, this community was in the area for at least a few centuries. By 250 CE, they had established major cities like Tikal and Copán, featuring impressive pyramids, palaces, and advanced astronomical systems. The Mayans developed a complex writing system and made significant contributions to mathematics and calendar-making. The civilization experienced a decline starting in the 9th century CE, with many cities abandoned. The Mayan culture persisted, however, through smaller communities and continues to influence descendants today.