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Peter Zapffe

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Peter Zapffe

b. 1899
1899 to 1990, aged 90

Norwegian philosopher, Zapffe is known for extending Schopenhauer’s dark existentialism and framing human consciousness as an evolutionary misstep. He believed that human self-awareness leads to suffering because it far exceeds what is necessary for survival. In my writing, I caution against limiting ourselves to Zapffe’s fatalistic views. His four strategies for coping with this burden—isolation, anchoring, distraction, and sublimation—are interesting but focus on enduring, not thriving. I advocate for embracing the wild horse of existence by choosing paths that emphasize meaning and enjoyment.


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