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What does neuroscience say about “identity?”

By Michael Alan Prestwood

Author and Natural Philosopher

Wed 14 Jan 2026
Published 3 hours ago.
Updated 10 hours ago.
Worldview
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What does neuroscience say about “identity?”

Neuroscience tells us that you are not a static self frozen in time. Your cells renew, neural connections rewire, and memories subtly shift every time they’re recalled. Yet you still feel like you. In Buddhist terms, you feel like you have a “self.” But science tends to support Buddhism’s point—the idea of non-self.

That continuity doesn’t come from an unchanging core. It comes from patterns. Your brain maintains identity through memory, habits, emotional responses, and the narrative you tell about your life. Identity is less a thing you have and more a process your brain runs.

Seen this way, who you are today is a living pattern—a pattern shaped by repetition, reinforced by routine, and quietly revised by every choice you make.

Here’s an important truth: your memories evolve. When you recall a memory, you shape it, then rewrite it back. This matters. It’s how your worldview can change as you live your life. And this ability is physical—a transformation, not just a shift in thought. At its core, this is neuroplasticity: the brain’s constant restructuring of neural pathways and the fine-tuning of synaptic strength through experience.

Who you are—your personality, your memories, your biases—is physically encoded in which neurons connect with which others, and in the strength of those connections. When you learn something that shifts your perspective, you are literally pruning old versions of yourself and forging a new physical architecture. To change your mind is, quite literally, to change your brain.

Michael Alan Prestwood
Author & Natural Philosopher

Prestwood writes on science-first philosophy, with particular attention to the convergence of disciplines. Drawing on his TST Framework, his work emphasizes rational inquiry grounded in empirical observation while engaging questions at the edges of established knowledge. With TouchstoneTruth positioned as a living touchstone, this work aims to contribute reliable analysis in an emerging AI era where the credibility of information is increasingly contested.

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January 14, 2026
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WWB Menu
January 14, 2026
Essay of the Week
Eternal Recurrence: If You Had to Live This Year Forever
Story of the Week
Friedrich Nietzsche
Quote of the Week
Could you affirm your life so fully that you would will its eternal repetition?
Weekly Crossroads!
1. Science »
What does neuroscience say about “identity?”
2. Philosophy »
Did existential authenticity originate in the East?
3. Critical Thinking »
What’s the difference between intentional change and wishful thinking?
4. History!
What is the history of existentialism?
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