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SCIENCE
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History
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Chapter 1 Quote Attribution Clarification
Sagan, Tyson, et al!
Great ideas often exist before and beyond any single speaker. The insight that humans are biologically, chemically, and atomically connected to the universe appears across science and philosophy, voiced by thinkers in different ways.
Featured QUOTE
Updated This Week
Philosophy
Quote
“We are all tattooed in our cradles with the beliefs of our tribe.”
- Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
- 1858
Worldviews
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. reminded us that we are not forged in a vacuum. We are born into a family with a family view, and into a society with a societal view. Long before we can choose our own beliefs, we inherit them. Our traditions, our education, and our early experiences shape how the world first makes sense to us. In this very real way, we are products of our upbringing.
Featured FAQ
New This Week
Science
FAQ
What ancient human species first realized it was going to die?
Ancient Humans
Elephants seem to understand death as in they are no longer here. Chimps understand death in others, but not themselves. Realizing you are going to die seems to be a human-only thing. Science indicates it was unlikely Homo habilis knew this but perhaps likely by Homo heidelbergensis.
Updated Tidbits
Science
Story
The Senegal Bichir: A Living Fossil
Fish Evolution
The Senegal bichir represents an early branch of ray-finned fish, preserving traits that trace back nearly 380 million years.
02 Feb 2026
(Updated 11 minutes ago)
Science
Story
Stem Selachians: Modern Sharks LCA
Fish Evolution
The shark body plan stabilized early. By 300 million years ago, the streamlined, hydrodynamic silhouette that defines sharks today was already established.
02 Feb 2026
(Updated 29 minutes ago)
Science
Story
Ginkgo biloba — A Living Fossil in My Backyard
Plant Evolution
A lineage can survive for hundreds of millions of years while remaining morphologically recognizable. Living fossil is poetic, but scientifically the ginkgo represents a relict lineage and a morphologically conservative lineage.
02 Feb 2026
(Updated 29 minutes ago)
Science
Observe & Measure
Good philosophy emerges from science.
Our Clearest Lens of Reality: New looks at scientific results with a focus on the philosophical. To understand reality beyond the empirical, you must first understand what we see. At the core of what we see is the cosmos guided by forces controlling particles evolving into life.
Note: To explore the process of science, visit Philosophy of Science tab under Truth Hammers in our Critical Thinking topic.
Deep-Dive Articles
The Double‐slit Experiment Explored
Reality may not be particles afterall. It may be more like waves, vibrations, or strings.
Philosophy: The Existence and Essence Debate
In religion and philosophy, the existence and essence debate asks if you exist before your time on Earth.
The Fermi Paradox is Too Anthropocentric
The Fermi Paradox is the common framework for thinking about the odds of alien life, but we need more data before it can become accurate ...
Must-Reads
Particle Physics
The Double‐slit Experiment Explored
Reality may not be particles afterall. It may be more like waves, vibrations, or strings.
Ancient Humans
The Evolution of Vocabulary in Ancient Humans
The evolution of language is the evolution of communication. From touch which evolved about 800 million years ago to human words. Along the journey, communication ...
New Ideas
Particle Physics
Speculation on Quantum Entanglement: A Missing Mass Puzzle
Physics < Cosmology < Science
Ancient Humans
Holistic Paleolithic Framework: A New Look at Prehistory
A new look at dividing up the paleolithic era.
Updated Articles
Ontology | Particle Physics | Unification
Empty Space: A Dive into Particle Physics
Particle Physics
Empty space is not nothing—it is structured, active, and defined by fields, particles, and forces.
Mon 27 May 2024
(2 years ago)
Updated 2 weeks ago.
Philosophy of Mind | Relativity
The Nature of Time
Time
Time is not a ticking metronome; it is the ledger of causation.
Sun 2 Jun 2024
(2 years ago)
Updated 2 weeks ago.
Cosmology | Philosophy of Science | Unification
Speculative Ideas in Science: Rip-Bang, Bigfoot, and Beyond
Idea Theory Framework
The Idea Theory Framework is part of the Idea of Ideas and models a process in which ideas can go from speculative to theory.
Wed 5 Jun 2024
(2 years ago)
Updated 2 weeks ago.