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Thomas Aquinas.
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circa 1265.
Situational ethics, like Just War Theory, can be brought down to your life. When you cannot turn the other cheek, strive for a response that is proportionate and never exceeds the harm done.
From History: Protection against authority.
Due process is the boundary that separates lawful authority from arbitrary power.
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Max Weber.
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1922, posthumously, edited by Marianne Weber.
Power compels by force and coercian; legitimate authority has no need for either.
His core idea is that authority depends on perceived legitimacy, not moral agreement.
Great harm is often caused not by hatred, but by people who stop thinking and simply comply.
After the Civil War, the 13th Amendment ended slavery as a legal institution in the United States.