Master Timeline
NSLCA: The Neanderthal-Sapien Last Common Ancestor was likely Homo heidelbergensis or Homo antecessor. Analysis: Before the discovery of Homo antecessor in the 1990s, Homo heidelbergensis was considered the primary candidate for the NSLCA due to its chronological and morphological position in the human lineage. The discovery of Homo antecessor, with its more modern-looking facial features, has […]
Neanderthal-Sapien LCA Read More »
Proto-clothing, encompassing basic garments such as animal skins and possibly decorative natural materials, likely emerged among hominins around 600,000 years ago, with Homo heidelbergensis being a probable early adopter. This species, experiencing diverse and often colder climates across Europe and Africa, may have utilized simple clothing for survival. Before venturing into colder climates, modesty, jealousy,
First Clothes: Proto-Clothing and the Advent of Garments Read More »
Arboreal to Terrestrial: Beginning approximately 9 million years ago, our ancestors began an evolutionary change from forests to woodlands to savannahs. This gradual transition from primarily arboreal (tree-dwelling) lifestyles to increasingly terrestrial (ground-based) behaviors was very gradual with traits specific for walking around carrying things gradually accumulating. This evolutionary journey spanned roughly 7 million years,
Transition from Trees to Savannah Begins Read More »
While speculative, it is reasonable to position the occassional use of proto-medicine as emerging in the great apes sometime around 18 million years ago. Modern orangutans, apes, and chimpanzees treat wounds, digestive issues, and even use insect repellant. The Great Apes LCA lived around 18 million years ago, so using the Occam Approach, this implies
Great Apes: Medicine Emerges Read More »
Current understanding suggests that the diverse skin colors among modern humans, ranging from dark brown to fair, evolved multiple times both within Africa and as Homo sapiens migrated out of Africa. This variation is driven by natural adaptation to varying levels of UV radiation exposure in different populations, a process that typically unfolds over thousands
Modern Skin Color Variety Emerges Read More »
After the split of great apes and humans about 16 mya, the modern gorilla species, the western and eastern gorillas, are estimated to have diverged approximately 1.75 million years ago from other great apes. However, recent studies suggest that there was an interbreeding event between an extinct gorilla population and eastern gorillas around 40,000 years
Modern Gorilla Species Read More »
The gorilla genus is thought to have diverged from other great apes around 7 million years ago. The western gorilla and the eastern gorilla diverged around 2 million years ago. The western gorilla has two subspecies: the western lowland gorilla and the Cross River gorilla. The eastern gorilla has two subspecies as well: the eastern
Our last comman ancestor of all known great apes lived about 16.5 mya. The orangatan branch split off about 12 mya. After that split the orangatan branch split several more tiimes. The modern orangatan species, the last split of this branch, emerged about 400,000 years ago.
The last common ancestor with humans and orangatans lived around 16 mya. Great Apes LCA candidate: Kenyapithecus is an extinct genus of great ape that lived in Kenya from around 16 to 14 million years ago. It is considered a potential candidate for the last common ancestor of all great apes, including humans, chimpanzees, gorillas,
Genus Kenyapithecus: EI Emerges Read More »
660,000 Generations Ago The Last Common Ancestor (LCA) of the Great Apes, a.k.a. the Hominidae family, marks a pivotal point in our evolutionary history, encompassing the origins of orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans. This ancestor species, likely existing between 15 to 19 million years ago, represents the shared lineage from which all modern great apes
Emergence of the Great Apes (Great Apes LCA) Read More »
CHLCA candidate: This genus includes Ardipithecus ramidus (like “Ardi”) and possibly earlier species like Ardipithecus kadabba. Ardipithecus shows a mix of bipedal traits and adaptations for climbing, reflecting a transitional form in human evolution.
Genus: Ardipithecus Read More »
CHLCA candidate: Known from Kenya, Orrorin tugenensis is another early form, with femoral evidence suggesting bipedality, indicating it was likely an early walker.
48,000 Generations Ago NSLCA Candidate: This ancient human species challenges traditional views by suggesting that some of our human ancestors bore a closer resemblance to modern humans than previously believed. Homo antecessor, which existed long before Homo sapiens and Homo heidelbergensis, displayed distinctly modern human-like features, including a flatter face and a more refined nose,
Homo antecessor: Earlier Modern Looks Read More »
7 Generations From Now (from 2020 CE) Biological immortality, or negligible senescence, is not invincibility against accidents or violence, but rather the cessation of aging and the ability to prevent or cure all diseases, including genetic disorders. Essentially, it involves maintaining the body and its functions in a youthful state indefinitely. The key components of
Biological Immortality Read More »
In the verdant landscapes of Laetoli, Tanzania, beneath a layer of volcanic ash from a nearby eruption, a remarkable story is preserved. Dating back 3.66 million years, a series of footprints capture a fleeting moment in time when early hominins walked across the wet ash. These footprints, attributed to Australopithecus afarensis, represent one of the
Echoes of Early Steps: The Laetoli Footprints Read More »
Speculative branch of humans. Maybe a long lost hybrid: In the evolving tapestry of human history, the emergence of Homo naledi represents a captivating mystery that challenges traditional narratives of linear progression. Positioned within the intricate web of human evolution, Homo naledi could exemplify a complex branch woven from ancient threads. Imagine a scenario where
Homo naledi: A Likely Hybrid Read More »
400 Generations From Now (from 2020 CE) Kardashev scale: Type I | Type II | Type III Renewable and clean power output equals our galaxy: I have redefined Type III to shift from merely capturing the energy of a galaxy to utilizing energy sources that produce power equivalent to that of our entire galaxy. This
Kardashev Type III: Galactic Civilization Read More »
6 Generations From Now (from 2020 CE) Kardashev scale: Type I | Type II | Type III (A framework introduced by the Soviet astronomer Nikolai Kardashev in 1964.) Essentially 100% renewable and/or clean energy: I have expanded Type I from merely capturing Earth’s energy to producing an equivalent amount of energy, focusing on renewable and
Kardashev Type I: Planetary Civilization Read More »
80 Generations From Now (from 2020 CE) Kardashev scale: Type I | Type II | Type III Renewable and clean power output equals our star: I have redefined Type II to shift away from merely capturing the Sun’s energy to utilizing energy sources that produce power equivalent to that of our star. This adaptation moves
Kardashev Type II: Stellar Civilization Read More »
These early scales provided a vital protective layer, acting like underwater armor against predators, abrasions, and environmental threats. The keratin genes that led to scales are an interesting part of our story. When amphibians evolved onto land, scales near the tips of their evolving toes transformed into thicker protection and traction, eventually giving rise to
Keratin Genes & the Rise of Scales in Fish Read More »
