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Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
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1755.
Five Thought Tools < TST Framework < Critical Thinking
The story of John Snow in 1854 reminds us that good reasoning corrects weak patterns by letting confidence follow evidence, not fear or public assumption.
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Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr..
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1858.
Animal brains learn by impression. You are born into a family, a culture, and a specific moment in history—a spacetime that literally forges who you start out as. Sound thinking begins by recognizing that your initial baseline was chosen for you, not by you.
When encountering new information, first ask: is it empirical, rational, or irrational? Then think about how much you believe it.
Your confidence in an idea, whether scientific or spiritual, should rise with support, not desire.
Hume teaches that belief should be earned. Do not believe nothing, and do not believe everything. Let confidence rise with evidence, logic, testing, and lived experience.