Plants.
Quick Hits
10 random key ideas.
1.
Red algae did not descend from green algae. Both lineages split over a billion years ago, then adapted independently to different light environments.
2.
From History: 180 Million years ago (+/- 5 million)
The breakup of Pangaea did not just reshape geography. It reshaped evolution by isolating populations, limiting movement, and allowing different branches of life to follow different paths.
3.
From History: 385 Million Years Ago (+/- 5 million years)
About 385 million years ago is when trees started to emerge, distinguished by their secondary growth wood and deep roots.
4.
From History: From 251.902 to 66.0 million years ago.
The Mesozoic era starts with the end-Permian mass extinction 252 million years ago. Dinosaurs ruled over all, including us. It ends the reign of dinosaurs with the K–Pg extinction 66 million years ago.
5.
From History: ~95 Million Years Ago (+/- 5 million)
The modern coast redwood species is about 25 million years old, but its lineage reaches back roughly 100 million years into the age of dinosaurs.
6.
From History: ~201 Million Years Ago
The Triassic–Jurassic extinction cleared ecological space for dinosaurs to become the dominant land animals of the Jurassic.
7.
From History: 182 Million years ago (+/- 5 million)
Diatoms began as tiny glass-shelled “silica” algae, with round centric forms appearing first and elongated pennate forms later adding direction, symmetry, and movement to the microscopic world.
8.
From History: 2 Billion Years Ago (+/- 100 million years)
About 2 billion years ago, eukaryotic cells are defined by a membrane-bound nucleus and internal organelles. Their emergence created the structural foundation for complex life.
9.
From History: 1.65 Billion Yeas Ago (+/- 50 million)
Around 1.65 billion years ago, major eukaryotic lineages diverged, setting the ancestral paths that would eventually lead to plants, fungi, and animals.
10.
From History: 251,902,000 years ago (+/- 900 years).
The Permian-Triassic extinction was not just the end of many species. It was a planetary reset that destroyed the old synapsid-dominated world and opened the door for the archosaur line that would later give rise to dinosaurs.
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