By Chapter or By Topic: All > Anchors > People > Docs > Touchstones > New Looks > History > Pre-Sumer
By Chapter: Use this timeline as you read each chapter of “30 Philosophers: A New Look at Timeless Ideas.” Within this timeline, a generation is defined as spanning 25 years, aiding in the chronological arrangement and understanding of historical progressions.
30 Philosophers Timeline: Overview
Big Bang Expansion
13.8 Billion Years Ago
Verified. Empirically supported and rationally deduced.
Free Will
How predetermined are our choices?
Evolution
Our true origin story.
Cultural Transmission
What separates humans from animals.
First Atoms
13.7 Billion Years Ago
Verified. Empirically supported and rationally deduced.
Population III Stars: Heavier Elements
13.6 Billion Years Ago
Verified. Empirically supported and rationally deduced.
Birth of the Sun
4.6 Billion Years Ago
Verified. Empirically supported and rationally deduced.
Earth is Born
4.5 Billion Years Ago
Verified. Empirically supported and rationally deduced.
First Atmosphere: Hydrogen & Helium
4.48 Billion Years Ago
4.49 to 4.6 Billion Years Ago
LUCA: Last Universal Common Ancestor
3.75 Billion years ago (+/- 100 million)
DNA, Ribosomes, and ATP
The First True Eukaryotes
2.4 Billion Years Ago (+/- 300 million years)
Plant Ancestors Split from Animal and Fungi Ancestors
1.65 Billion Yeas Ago (+/- 50 million)
Life that later leads to these kingdoms separates.
Emergence of the Great Apes (Great Apes LCA)
16.5 Million Years Ago (+/- 2 Million Years)
Tool potential begins, Neocortical expansion
Chimpanzees Branch Off (CHLCA)
7.5 Million Years Ago
Advanced coalition politics and tool precursors
Homo heidelbergensis
Circa 640,000 Years Ago
Homo heidelbergensis on Earth from about 640,000 to 200,000 BCE.
Neanderthal-Sapien LCA
440,000 Years Ago (+/- 40,000 years)
Oldest Surviving Spear
350,000 BCE
400,000 to 300,000 BCE
Adam: Haplogroup A
275,000 BCE
Eve: Haplogroup L
175,000 BCE
200,000 to 150,000 BCE
“The” Human DNA
70,000 BCE
2,800 Generations Ago
Oldest Known Bracelet
70,000 BCE
2,880 Generations Ago
Advanced Sewing Needles
28,000 BCE
28,000 to 21,000 BCE
Phenotype Variation: Blue Eyes
8000 BCE
Genetic Mutation from the Neolithic Era
Cuneiform Writing
3400 BCE
3400 BCE to 100 CE (end of use for scholarly work)
Gilgamesh, circa 2700 BCE
King of Uruk
Library of Ashurbanipal
Built circa 700 BCE, destroyed 612 BCE.
Socrates (469 – 399 BCE)
Socratic Questioning
Father of Western Ethics
Democritus (460 BCE – circa 370 BCE)
Atomist
The Laughing Philosopher
Bernard of Chartres (circa 1070 – 1130)
Neoplatonist
French Philosopher
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
British Naturalist
Chapter 1 Quote Attribution Clarification
